سزا ئے ارتداد کی معاصرتعبیر و تفہیم کاتجزیاتی مطالعہ(مسلم مفکرین کی آرا کی روشنی میں)

Abstract

This study aims to examine the historical background of the debate on punishments to apostates that are established in classical Islamic texts. This study indeed analyzes thethought, that majority of Muslim jurists have founded their claim that the apostate must be put to death. Though Islamic scholars from past centuries -- Ibrahim al-Nakha'i, Sufyan al-Thawrī, Shams al-Din al-Sarakhsī, Abū al Walīd al-Bājī, and Ibn Taymiyyah -- have all held that apostasy is a serious sin, but not one that requires the death penalty. The same opinion is found in the views of contemporary scholars Muṣṭafā al-Zarqā, Wahba al-Zuhailī, Sheikh Ali Gumma, Dr Fazal-ur-Rahman, Taha Jabir Al-Alwani, Tariq Ramadan and Javed Ahmad Gamidi. This paper not only examines how Muslims should understand the question of apostasy in the contemporary context when the principle of freedom of religion is acquainting ground in the world but also argues approaches towards apostasy that whether this act of apostasy is religious or political offence. And the death penalty imposed to the apostate is due to his disbelief or his renouncement of the social and political authority and system of the state. This paper also seeks the attention towards the causes of apostasy in present time and suggests paying more efforts in the prevention of Apostasy rather than the suggessions of punishment.