The Islamic Research Centre at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, established in 2007, has been the proud publisher of the Pakistan Journal of Islamic Research (PJIR), a biannual journal committed to reviving and disseminating authentic Islamic scholarship across diverse academic disciplines. Rooted in the rich tradition of classical Muslim thought and culture, the journal aims to refine research methodologies, address contemporary issues, and interpret the timeless teachings of Islam in a manner that benefits the whole humanity to live in alignment with the ethical and spiritual imperatives of Islam. Pakistan Journal of Islamic Research seeks to promote a balanced, nuanced, and informed discourse on the challenges confronting the Muslim world today. It is committed to upholding the values of moderation (الوسطية), intellectual rigor (الصَّرامَة الأكاديميّة), and adherence to the authentic principles of Islamic tradition (الالتزام بالمبادئ الأصيلة للتراث الإسلامي). The journal draws on the vast intellectual heritage of Islamic scholarship, integrating classical sources with contemporary issues, to offer insights that remain true to the Qur’anic guidance and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) while addressing the needs of today’s global Muslim community. The journal plays a crucial role in enhancing multidisciplinary research, fostering deeper integration of classical scholarship with modern academic inquiry. By promoting sound scholarly methods and offering a platform for diverse voices, Pakistan Journal of Islamic Research strives to revive the intellectual vigour of the Islamic tradition, ensuring that the rich heritage of Islamic learning continues to contribute to the development of society. Renowned for its commitment to academic excellence, Pakistan Journal of Islamic Research holds a prominent position among scholarly publications in Pakistan. It serves as a reliable resource for scholars, students, and the wider public, providing access to high-quality research that upholds the authenticity and depth of classical Muslim scholarship. The journal is steadfast in its mission to continually improve its research standards, aiming to reach international benchmarks and contribute meaningfully to global Islamic thought.
مغربی تفکرات کا مسلم معاشروں پر اثرات اسلامی تعلیمات کے تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Islam is a complete code of life that guides all aspects of human existence. It defines true progress not only in material terms but also through moral and spiritual development. This research paper presents an analytical study of the impacts of Western thoughts on the Muslim societies in the light of Islamic teachings. It highlights how the Scientific Revolution in 17th-century, Europe introduced philosophical trends that prioritized empirical observation and rationalism while marginalizing revelation, spirituality, and moral values. These intellectual developments led to materialism, secularism, atheism, and evolutionary thoughts, which significantly influenced Western civilization and later extended their effects to Muslim societies, especially during the colonial period. The study examines how these thoughts created a spiritual and moral crisis by separating religion from social, political, and educational life. As a result, concepts such as individualism, relativistic morality, materialism, and family disintegration emerged the traditional Islamic worldview. The paper argues that Islam encourages knowledge, research, and scientific inquiry. It maintains a balanced integration of material and spiritual dimensions. It concludes that the revival of Muslim societies depends on aligning modern knowledge with Islamic ethical and spiritual principles.
تفسیر تبیان القرآن (غلام رسول سعیدی ) میں مسائل نکاح کا بیان : ایک تحقیقی جائزہ
This research article presents a critical and analytical study of the jurisprudential and social perspectives on marital issues (Masail-e-Nikah) as expounded in Tafsir Tibyan-ul-Quran, authored by the renowned 20th-century Islamic scholar, Allama Ghulam Rasul Saeedi. Tibyan-ul-Quran is widely recognized for its modern approach to traditional jurisprudence, bridging classical Islamic legal frameworks with contemporary societal challenges. This study specifically investigates how Allama Saeedi addresses the legal, ethical, and societal dimensions of marriage, including conditions of a valid marriage contract (Nikah), the role of guardianship (Wilayah), consent, dowry (Mahr), rights and obligations of spouses, and the resolution of marital conflicts. Using a qualitative and descriptive-analytical research methodology, this paper examines Allama Saeedi's unique style of Tafsir. It explores how he synthesizes classical Hanafi jurisprudence (Fiqh) with textual evidence from the Quran and Sunnah, while simultaneously taking into account the ground realities of the modern Muslim family structure. The research highlights his balanced approach, where he remains firmly rooted in traditional orthodoxy yet demonstrates flexibility and intellectual depth when addressing modern social shifts and domestic complexities. The findings indicate that Allama Saeedi’s treatment of marital issues offers comprehensive guidance that is highly relevant to contemporary legal and ethical debates surrounding family law in the Muslim world. Ultimately, this review concludes that Tafsir Tibyan-ul-Quran serves as an indispensable academic and practical resource for legal theorists, religious scholars, and sociologists aiming to understand the intersection of classical Islamic jurisprudence and modern socio-marital dynamics.
اسلامی شریعت میں اہلیت کا تصور: انسانی حقوق کے تناظر میں ایک اصولی وتجزیاتی جائزہ
This paper clarifies the basic concept of competence across different stages of human life. The study aims to highlight that Islamic law not only recognises human beings as subjects of obligation but also as dignified individuals. In this regard, Aaliyah al wujub refers to the capacity through which a person is entitled to rights, while Ahliyat al-Ada regulates the practical exercise of these rights. The paper further explains that Ahliyat al-wujub is inherent in human existence throughout all the stages of life, whereas Ahliyat al-Ada develops progressively with intellectual and mental growth, but it may be restricted or temporarily suspended in certain circumstances. The study concludes that these two abilities form fundamental principles of the Islamic system of right. This system plays an important role in ensuring justice, balance and social security, specifically in safeguarding the rights of children, vulnerable Individuals and those lacking full legal Independence. So, this paper presents this important topic of Islamic jurisprudence, which provides a comprehensive framework for understanding human rights.
Redefining Harmony: A Domain-Specific Approach to Science and Religion in the Islamic Intellectual Tradition
This study explores the domains of science and religion, focusing on their unique methodologies and approaches to understanding reality. Science operates through observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning, uncovering the mechanisms and laws that govern the universe. Religion, on the other hand, approaches reality from a purpose-oriented perspective, offering guidance, hope, and moral direction, and addressing questions of meaning and ultimate purpose that science alone cannot resolve. By examining the Quranic perspective on creation, revelation, and human existence, this study highlights how religious knowledge is based on divine guidance, ‘Ilm-ul-Wahi’ and faith, which require trust and interpretation beyond empirical evidence. The study emphasises that understanding the boundaries and strengths of each domain is essential for achieving harmony. Science reveals how the universe functions and provides tools for human well-being, while religion explains why these phenomena exist and how humans should relate to them for the betterment of humanity, drawing on a beyond-material approach. When both domains operate within their proper spheres, they complement rather than contradict each other, offering a fuller understanding of life, the universe, and human purpose.
COUNTER VIOLENT EXTREMISM: Lessons from the Life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
This article undertakes a qualitative analysis of Counter Violent Extremism (CVE) principles as derived from the life and practice of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Drawing on primary Islamic sources, the Quran, authenticated Hadith collections, and biographical literature of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), alongside contemporary CVE scholarship, this study identifies six thematic pillars that align prophetic conduct with modern frameworks of Counter Violent Extremism (CVE), like deradicalisation, conflict prevention, and community resilience. Employing a document-analysis methodology, the study codes prophetic episodes and sayings against established CVE typologies. Results demonstrate a robust correspondence between Prophetic practice and evidence-based CVE approaches, with non-violence, inclusive governance, dialogue, and restorative justice emerging as dominant themes. The analysis yields actionable insights for policymakers, community leaders, and practitioners engaged in countering violent extremism within Muslim-majority and minority contexts.
فکر اسلامی اور ڈیجیٹل تہذیب : سماجی ذرائع ابلاغ کے مثبت اور منفی اثرات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Islamic thought is a complete way of life that provides guidance in intellectual, moral, spiritual, and social aspects of human life. It teaches human beings to live according to the principles of truth, justice, responsibility, and reflection. In the modern era, social media and mass media have become the most powerful means of transmitting information, ideas, and messages. Media is a highly influential and effective tool in the modern world that deeply impacts human intellectual, moral, educational, social, and cultural life. It plays a fundamental role in the dissemination of information, spread of ideas, and shaping public opinion. If these tools are used with truthfulness, honesty, research, and ethical principles, they become a source of progress, unity, and guidance for both individuals and society. Islam instructs human beings to engage in reflection, research, and the pursuit of truth in every matter; therefore, it is necessary to use media responsibly. When media is used for positive purposes, it spreads education, promotes moral and religious awareness, informs people about social issues, and strengthens national unity. Through it, doors of reform are opened in society, and individuals are enabled to lead better lives. Therefore, the overall central idea is that media acts like a double-edged sword. Its positive use leads society towards progress, awareness, and reform, while its negative use leads to decline, misguidance, and corruption. Hence, it is essential to use these means according to Islamic teachings and moral principles so that they may serve as a source of welfare and well-being for humanity.
صوفیانہ تعلیم و تربیت اور سماجی خدمت: مخدوم عبدالرشید حقانی کی خدمات کا تحقیقی جائزہ
This study explores the religious and spiritual contributions of Hazrat Makhdoom Abdul Rasheed Haqqani (d. 559 AH), a prominent Sufi figure who played a vital role in promoting the Qadiriyya order in the Indian subcontinent. Born in 569 AH in Kot Karor (District Layyah) and passing away in 629 AH near Multan, he distinguished himself at an early age through his scholarly and teaching services in his father’s madrasa. He established a madrasa in Multan, initiating a new phase of religious and spiritual services. Later, during his long stay in Makhdoom Rasheed, he spent approximately 55 years advancing religious and spiritual teachings through Madrasa Haqqania and his khanqah. His approach integrated spiritual guidance with socio-economic stability, transforming religion and spirituality into a dynamic movement deeply rooted among the masses, particularly in rural communities. Despite his significant contributions, scholarly research on his life remains limited. This study addresses this gap by presenting a focused academic analysis at the doctoral level. His approach combined spiritual guidance with socio-economic support, as he devoted his resources to public welfare and encouraged lawful livelihood (halal sustenance) alongside adherence to Islamic values. Despite his profound impact and long-standing influence, academic research on his life and services remains limited. This study aims to highlight his contributions and to offer a scholarly tribute by addressing this gap through focused doctoral-level research.
شریعتِ اسلامیہ کے بنیادی ماخذ اور مقاصد الشریعۃ کی روشنی میں تحسینِ انسانی بذریعہ جینیاتی تغیرات کی مشروعیت
The discovery of DNA's double-helix structure in 1953, the foundational experiments in genetic engineering during the 1970s, the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, and the subsequent emergence of CRISPR-Cas9 technology have collectively precipitated a paradigm shift in biomedical science. These advancements have rendered genetic modification not merely possible but increasingly accessible, thereby transforming what was once an exclusively scientific question into a matter of profound ethical, philosophical, and religious deliberation. As genetic interventions extend beyond therapeutic applications toward the enhancement of human intelligence, physical capacities, and heritable traits, Islamic jurisprudence is confronted with questions of considerable urgency: Are such modifications permissible? Under what conditions? And where do they transgress into the prohibited? This study examines these questions through a systematic engagement with the primary sources of Islamic law, the Qurʿān, Sunnah, Ijmāʿ, and Qiyās, alongside the framework of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, with particular attention to the five essential objectives. The research addresses a significant lacuna in contemporary fiqh literature, wherein existing scholarship remains largely fragmented, partial, or confined to therapeutic dimensions, leaving the broader question of human enhancement without adequate jurisprudential treatment. The study concludes that Islamic law draws a fundamental distinction between therapeutic and enhancement-oriented genetic interventions. Therapeutic gene therapy, aimed at restoring the normative condition of human nature and preventing heritable disease, finds jurisprudential support under the principles of dafʿ al-ḍarar (removal of harm) and jalb al-manfaʿah (procurement of benefit), provided that the integrity of human progeny is safeguarded. Enhancement modifications, however, which seek to transcend, rather than restore, the divinely established human standard (fiṭrah), are deemed impermissible. Such interventions constitute taghyīr khalq Allāh (alteration of God's creation) in its prohibited sense, and their long-term implications for genetic diversity and humanity's natural resilience cannot be reliably assessed by human reason alone. Accordingly, the jurisprudential weight of evidence does not permit their authorisation in the absence of explicit scriptural sanction.
ہیومنزم کی فکری تشکیل:نشاۃِ ثانیہ سے مسلم معاشرے تک
This article offers a critical examination of the intellectual and historical development of Humanism and its impact on Muslim societies. It starts by defining Humanism as a philosophical orientation and explores its relationship with religion, particularly Christianity. The study situates the emergence of Humanism within the broader context of the Renaissance, highlighting the decline of ecclesiastical authority, the rise of rationalism, and the increasing emphasis on human autonomy. Special attention is given to the French Revolution as a pivotal moment in the consolidation of secular Humanism and the marginalisation of religion in public life. The article further analyses the major factors contributing to the rise of modern Humanism, including dissatisfaction with religious institutions, scientific progress, and the elevation of human reason as the ultimate source of knowledge and morality. Additionally, it examines the channels through which Humanist ideas entered the Muslim world and assesses their intellectual, ethical, and socio-cultural effects on Muslim societies. Finally, the article provides a critical evaluation of Humanism in light of the Islamic concept of the human being, arguing that while Humanism emphasises human dignity and moral responsibility, its anthropocentric and secular foundations are fundamentally at odds with the Islamic worldview, which is grounded in divine guidance, servitude to God, and the centrality of revelation. The study concludes by stressing the need for a balanced intellectual response within Muslim societies that engages with modern philosophical challenges without compromising core Islamic principles.
نظمِ قرآن بطورِ تعبیری منہج: فراہی مکتبِ فکر اور مغربی تعبیری روایت کا ایک علمیاتی مطالعہ
This research investigates the conceptual status of Naẓm al-Qur’ān (Quranic Coherence), advocating for its recognition as a rigorous hermeneutical paradigm rather than a secondary stylistic feature. Conventional scholarship has frequently relegated naẓm to a mere exegetical tool for tracing thematic linkages; conversely, this study theorizes its internal epistemic framework as a 'constraint-based' system of textual interpretation. Utilizing a comparative-analytical approach, the study juxtaposes the Farahi school’s pivotal concept of ‘amūd (thematic axis) with the Western philosophical constructs of the 'Hermeneutic Circle' and the 'fusion of horizons' proposed by Heidegger and Gadamer. The central inquiry evaluates the capacity of naẓm to serve as a regulatory methodology that disciplines interpretive subjectivity while reinstating the objective authority of the text. The findings reveal that naẓm provides a 'structured objectivity' anchored in linguistic determinism and semantic economy—offering a critical apparatus to counter ideological, extremist, and fragmented readings of the Quranic discourse. Ultimately, the paper argues for the global repositioning of naẓm as a distinct epistemological model capable of navigating the contemporary crisis of meaning in sacred texts.
مصنوعی ذہانت اور اسلامی فقہ: اصولی اور مقاصدی فکرمیں منہجی چیلنجز
The pervasive integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into contemporary decision-making environments necessitates a rigorous re-evaluation of its intersection with Uṣūl al-Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence). As algorithmic systems increasingly mediate legal reasoning, determining their role within the classical framework of Ijtihād is imperative for preserving the integrity of Shariah-based derivation in the digital age. This research critically interrogates the ontological and epistemological disruptions posed by algorithmic determinism to the traditional praxis of Ijtihād, examining whether machine logic can transcend its status as a computational tool to assume a normative role in legal inference. Adopting a qualitative and interdisciplinary hermeneutic approach, the study bridges the gap between classical juristic canons and modern computational logic by synthesizing technological ethics with the procedural rigors of Uṣūl theory. The inquiry follows a tripartite framework: a "Textual Archaeology" of Taḥqīq al-Manāṭ and Istiqrā’ (Induction) as formulated by Imams al-Ghazālī and al-Shāṭibī; an assessment of the epistemological correlation between machine learning and juristic induction; and the development of a "Teleological Filtration" system anchored in Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. The study concludes that while AI serves as a potent "Cognitive Auxiliary" for contextual verification (Taḥqīq al-Manāṭ), it remains ontologically precluded from the station of a Mujtahid. Since the derivation of Ḥukm Sharʿī is an irreducibly human, conscious, and revelation-contingent enterprise, the research proposes an "AI-Assisted Ijtihad Framework". This model prioritizes human agency and utilizes "Explainable AI" (XAI) to safeguard against algorithmic biases and digital colonialism, ensuring technology remains a servant of revelation rather than its master.
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نوجوانوں کے نفسیاتی مسائل اور نبی کریمﷺ کی شفقت آمیز ہدایات
The biographers of the Seerah have, in every age and era, endeavored to highlight, elucidate, and make manifest all aspects of the life of the Holy Prophet ﷺ in accordance with their knowledge and intellectual capacity. No aspect or dimension of his personal and collective life has remained concealed. From morals and personal conduct to the organization of the state, military expeditions, family life, and international relations, his methodology and approach have been carefully studied and examined, and efforts have been made to derive guiding principles and regulations for human life from them. Although every aspect of the Seerah has always held great importance for the Muslim Ummah in every age and era, yet in view of the changing circumstances of the times, it becomes more necessary to re-emphasize and highlight certain dimensions afresh. In the present era, it appears extremely necessary to benefit from the Seerah of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in order to address the growing psychological problems among Youth. Youth is a decisive, highly delicate, and sensitive phase of human life. During this period, and individual undergoes mental, physical, and emotional changes, which give rise to issues such as feelings of inferiority, anxiety, fear, anger, hopelessness, identity crisis, and uncertainty about the future. If these issues are not addressed through proper guidance and timely solutions, young people may fall victim to moral deviation, intellectual confusion, and psychological stress. The Seerah of the messenger of Allah provides a balanced, comprehensive, and nature-congruent guidance for addressing the psychological issues faced by youth. He not only understood the natural needs, emotions, and mental states of young people, but also dealt them with compassion, trust and respect. His educational and reformative approach was not based on humiliation, coercion or harshness rather it was founded upon love, wisdom and meaningful dialogue.
الموازنة بين حسّان العرب وحسّان الهند في المديح النبوي
This research presents a literary comparison between two eminent poets: Ḥassān of the Arabs, Ḥassān ibn Thābit, and Ḥassān of India, Ghulām ʿAlī Āzād al-Bilgrāmī, focusing on their Prophetic panegyric (Madīḥ al-Nabawī). The former was the Poet of the Messenger ﷺ in the early period of Islam, while the latter was a distinguished Islamic poet of the Indian subcontinent in the later centuries. Both poets expressed sincere faith and spiritual elevation in their praise of the Prophet ﷺ. Ḥassān ibn Thābit’s poetry served as a powerful voice of defense for the Noble Messenger ﷺ and his true religion, responding to the satirical attacks of the polytheists during the formative years of Islam. In contrast, the poetry of Āzād al-Bilgrāmī stands as a translation of profound and genuine love in the later Islamic era, reflecting deep devotion and reverence for the Prophet ﷺ.
Ghulām ʿAlī Āzād al-Bilgrāmī, Literary Comparison
المنهج الاستقرائي في الفقه الإسلامي وتطبيقاته في أحكام العبادات دراسة تأصيلية فقهية
This study examines the inductive methodology in Islamic jurisprudence as an important methodological tool for deriving legal rulings, through tracing particular juristic cases and dispersed legal texts to arrive at general rules and comprehensive legal principles. It aims to clarify the concept of induction as understood by scholars of legal theory and jurists, its levels and types, and to highlight its position among the methods of juristic reasoning, the extent of its authoritative value in formulating rulings, and its relationship with the objectives of Islamic law and its general principles. This is achieved through a foundational scholarly approach based on authoritative works of legal theory and jurisprudence. The study also seeks to highlight the practical applications of the inductive method in the field of worship, a domain characterized by the abundance of cases and the diversity of practical forms, such as the rulings related to purification, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage. The researcher traces applied models in which jurists relied on induction to establish rulings or to prefer certain opinions, demonstrating the impact of this method in achieving juristic discipline, harmonizing legal texts, and resolving apparent contradictions among them. The study concludes that the inductive method represents an authentic and well-established approach in Islamic jurisprudence, and that it has played a clear role in the formation of many juristic maxims and practical rulings related to acts of worship. It further affirms that activating this method in contemporary juristic studies enhances the ability to comprehend legal texts in a holistic manner, helps realize the objectives of Islamic law, and enables engagement with emerging issues within a disciplined scholarly framework that adheres to the principles of legal reasoning and the rules of Ijtihād. The study also highlights the methodological controls that must be observed when employing induction in jurisprudence, so that it does not lead to unrestrained generalization or conclusions that contradict definitive texts or scholarly consensus. It emphasizes the necessity of integrating induction with other methods of legal reasoning, such as textual evidence, analogical reasoning, and legal presumption. Moreover, it stresses that sound induction can only be achieved through comprehensive and precise examination of cases, while considering differing contexts and circumstances, making this method an effective tool for guiding juristic reasoning and ensuring sound outcomes, especially in the field of acts of worship, which is characterized by textual adherence and precision in legal inference.
Social Innovations in Islamic Finance: Mobilizing Capital for Maximum Impact on Poverty
In 2002, the United Nations set the targets for its millennium development goals (MDG). This is required more capital for the achievement of these goals, i.e., eradication of poverty, decreasing the degree of hunger, improvement in the state of health, upgradation of the environment and the promotion of sustainable development. However, after putting a lot of efforts it was realized that still there is a need of more capital for achieving these targets. There is still a lot of gap in between the required and available funds from public sources as well as from philanthropy organizations. Therefore, after 16 years it is realized that top priority should be given to the innovative finance. According to Richard Wilcox, a special adviser to the U.N. World Food Program that innovative finance is a huge enterprise. Therefore in 2006, UN introduced the concept of socially responsible investment (SRI) and the principles for responsible investment (PRI) to promote awareness of environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues.
Value Creation in the Jordanian Commercial Banking
This study shows how value is created in Jordanian commercial banks consisting of (13) Jordanian commercial banks which are listed on the Amman Stock Exchange using annual data during the period 2010-2020. The study used the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Panel regression (Fixed Effect Model). The study found the positive and significant effect of (ROA, ROE, bank size, and dividends payout) on the creation value (MV/BV) in Jordanian Commercial Banking, and the negative and significant effect of debt equity ratio on the creation value (MV/BV) in Jordanian Commercial Banking.
پائریسی ایکٹ )سافٹ وئیر ( کاشرعی وتحقیقی جائزہ
The world has adapted to the size of a global town due to globalization and resultantly, if a minor incident occurs in any corner of the world, its news spreads within a few moments. This development has diminished individuality and has created numerous opportunities for individuals to play this impressive role not only in their personal life but also in the collective life of society. In this lighting very fast period, computer has played pivotal role. From petty accounts to large scale business communication, printing, science, and technology have sped up this pace of progress. Unfortunately, this speed has also resulted in highlighting the negative aspects such as cybercrimes. These crimes incur financial and moral weaknesses which has raised an intense need of legislation. Worth mentioning here that Software piracy is an instance of unauthorized duplication of information goods where laws and norms are not agreed upon.In this connection, in 2016, the national assembly of Pakistan has passed a bill to legalize the need. This study takes research review of the cybercrime bill from the perspective of Islamic Shari’ah. The methodology shall be of deductive and inductive nature.
Translation of Islamic Arab Literature in Argentina
The translation of Arabic literature into Western languages is essential for promoting cross-cultural understanding, challenging dominant narratives, and providing access to a rich literary heritage. Despite its significance, the translation of Arabic literature into Spanish English is rare. This article explores the importance of translating Arabic literature into Western languages, highlighting its cultural, literary, and academic significance. It also discusses the challenges facing the translation of Arabic literature and provides recommendations for promoting greater collaboration between Arab and Western publishers. Argentina, a country located in the southern part of South America, has a rich and diverse culture, history, and geography. Argentina has a small but significant Muslim population. This article provides an overview of the history, presence, and experiences of Muslims in Argentina. This study examines the translations of Islamic texts into Spanish in Argentina, focusing on their impact on cross-cultural understanding, intellectual exchange, and cultural enrichment. The translations of the Quran, Hadith, Seerah, Fiqh, and other Islamic texts are analyzed, highlighting the role of publishers and translators in facilitating the dissemination of Islamic knowledge in Argentina.
معراج النبیﷺ پر اُردو سیرت نگاروں کے نقطہ نظر کا جائزہ
Due to the significance of miracles performed by the last prophet Muhammad (PBUH) a lot has been authored and translated over the centuries in various languages including Urdu. Profoundly diverse range of aspects pertaining miracles of Prophet (PBUH) has undoubtedly paved the ways to investigate various aspects and topics through different lenses, finding new pearls of wisdom and knowledge as well as introducing commonly unknown novel trends in the field of research. Since, the modern Seerah texts are profoundly impacted by the impressive historical currents that have formed the post-colonial Muslim world. In the 19th century, the Islamic world confronted various challenges including the Western understanding of science and revelation. The mystical and metaphysical sides of prophethood and Prophet Muhammad served as a major component of their prophetologies. Modern Urdu Seerah writer’s approaches depict thought-provoking modus towards nubuwwa (prophethood) in a highly rationalized climate. This paper examines the approaches adopted by the authors discussing the metaphysical dimension of Prophet Muhammad’s ascension, known as the Mi'rāj in available Urdu literature. The article aim is also aimed at presenting an introductory review of such books including their titles, authors, year of publication, publishers, a summary of the content of the books as well as their critical evaluations. It is hoped that this humble effort, as a form of literary criticism or critical evaluation and review of such books, will make them known quantity. It can be an important tool to potentially help the reader to become familiar with the contents of a book and eventually determine whether that book will be the right choice for him or not. Furthermore, it also helps to validate the worthiness as well as confirm who the book’s audience is.
From Launching to Interception: Five International Humanitarian Law Constraints in the Iran & Israel Missiles War 2025
In June 2025, missile interchange war between Iran and Israel lasted for the twelve days which caused reason for stiffest pursuing queries in contemporary international humanitarian law (IHL) which are: attacks on dual use infrastructure in condensed urban areas, third state assisted interception at extensive level with abnormally high neutralization proportions, and the varied precision use of missiles attacks damage intermingled with defensive debris jeopardies. Five doctrinal stress themes incompletely defined by current black-letter rules has been separated in the study expresses as: whether and how much impact on ex-ante proportionality due to anticipatable interception; what are obligatory possible precautions for defenders causing debris and temporary service interruption; how responsibilities are allocated to third states during assisted defense by involving them through their substantially designed geometry and scheduling arrangement; how “definite military advantage” is restricted and justification for civilian harm in small revengeful operations; and when missile functional indiscrimination usage in cities is reduced due to inaccuracy or splash damage in region. The objective is to transform IHL’s citizen defense wisdom into decision phase principles which would practical and assessable in operational terms. The study examines a doctrinal and operative combination of 2025 open source interpretations and contemporary technical legal literature for methodology, and then rules of decision are filtered out for any in-field commanding officer and IHL functioning lawyer. The investigation finds (i) proportionality design with double track (unmitigated vs. defense attuned damage) containing three thresholds of ‘recentness’, ‘specificity’, and ‘transparency’; (ii) precautionary duties of defender in lieu of interception design i.e. geometry, scheduling, means, warnings, debris diagramming; (iii) quantifiable impact allocation during aided defense through least mutual data set and combined decisions record; (iv) ‘Cascades and Warnings’ or equivalent precautions based time restricted twofold usage targeting; and (v) Functional limiting principles for usage of indiscriminate input to ‘Circular Error Probable’ (CEP) and radii impact in metropolitan networks. Final recommendations for instant implementation inside ‘Rule of Engagement’ (ROE) and physical activity are: adopting the checklist as obligatory, impose civilian harm (cascade-inclusive) model, command partners to share debris/track data that matter for civilian risk, and implement conventional accuracy expectations rule when it persisted improbability.
اسلامی نسائیت،تعبیر نو کاجدید نسائی بیانیہ:ایک تحقیقی جائزہ
Feminism, a global movement which advocates for the rights of Women has evolved in different forms from its origin in the Western societies. It has been challenged and modified from variety of perspectives such as thoughts, culture, class and regions. The global debate on the position of women in Muslim society, which has been largely initiated by the current wave of Islamic revivalism. Muslims and non-Muslims, Islamists and opponents of Islamism, and feminists are playing key role in it.Muslims generally argue that there is an ideal gender prototype in Islam, non-Muslims tend to disagree and emphasize that Islam is hostile to women. Therefore, this paper analyzes the feminist movement in Islam by delving into its origin, development and diversities within the Islamic thought. It explores the new development of feminist notions within the Islamic framework, namely “Islamic feminism “. In the intellectual and academic debate of the 1990s, the expression “Islamic feminism “was used in a number of different places around the globe. Islamic feminism is diverse and varied in its approach to the issue of claiming the rights of Muslim women. This school of thought emphasized the right to engage in interpretation (ijtihad) that promoted gender equality, new roles for women in religious ritual and practice. Islamic feminism is a highly contested term but it has also been widely embraced by both feminist activists and Muslim scholars. Thus, this articles aims to explain the diversity in the discourse of Islamic feminism.it also provides the comprehensive views of western and Muslim scholars.
اسلام میں حلال ذبیحہ کا تصور اور عصر حاضر میں اس کا اطلاقی جائزہ
Food is a fundamental necessity of human life; without it survival is impossible, and performing religious obligations becomes difficult. Therefore, all religions have provided extensive teachings regarding food. Islam, being the final divine comprehensive religion, introduced several regulations regarding food. Additionally, many conveniences that were not present in previous religious scriptures. The concept of halal in Islam is very broad. Only those things are considered haram (forbidden) about which there is a clear prohibition in the Quran and Sunnah (traditions of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him). Besides these things, everything else falls within the realm of halal. The Islamic teachings regarding slaughter are clear such as mentioning the name of Allah. Moreover certain conditions have been stipulated by Islamic law. Animals that die of themselves (found dead) are considered haram. Whatever is slaughtered in the name of anyone other than Allah is considered haram, even if Allah's name is mentioned during the slaughter, as the intention is to slaughter for someone other than Allah. Punishment and reward are based on one's intention. Therefore, if an animal is slaughtered in the name of Allah, it becomes halal. When a person consumes halal food, it has a positive impact on their body. If they consume haram food, it becomes easier for them to engage in evil deeds and difficult to engage in good deeds. In this article, a detailed explanation of halal slaughter will be provided, and its contemporary application will be examined. Various new methods of slaughter have emerged in modern times. We will analyze these methods in the light of the Quran and Sunnah to determine whether they are in accordance with Islamic teachings or not. If not, we will explore how they can be adapted to align with Islamic teachings.
برصغیر کے مغلیہ دور حکومت میں شاعری : ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Literature has been special importance in the Muslim rule of subcontinent, especially the Mughal Muslim rulers (1555-1707), (1526-1540) have been appreciative of literature. Along with the splendor and adornment of the Mughal court, Subcontinent culture flourished. Since the government had established peace everywhere, literature and fine arts began to develop automatically, with its royal patronage and Encouraged. Poets, philosophers and scholars would come to the court in this era. Poetry has a special significance in the details of literature. During the Mughal period, special attention was paid to poetry; Muslim and Hindu poets without distinction of religion were honored and awarded prizes. In the present article, a special research is being done to poetry in the Mughal period of the Subcontinent.
نظریہ تہذیبی تصادم کے تناظر میں تعلیم کاکردار ،سید ابوالاعلیٰ مودودی ؒ اور ہن ٹنگٹن کےافکار کی روشنی میں
Civilization covers the vast range of human thoughts, believes and practical life. Today’s emerging world’s most discussed topic is “Clash of Civilizations” written by renowned American policy maker Samuel P. Huntington (1927-2008) published in 1993. Muslims took this article as a Policy and planning of western hegemony and westernization in which western system of Education plays a key role. Western Modernization and human moral development (Civilization) produced by greater education. Muslim Jihad is a threat to this western civilization, so it is advised that U.S must be focus to eliminate further possibilities of the growth of Jihadis and for this purpose struggle is needed to secularize the system of education in the entire Muslim world and sweep aside all references to such Quranic Suras and verses which advocate jihad against the Oppressive, suppressive and exploitive rulers. In reply of the western thoughts, Muslim scholars started thinking to neglect and condemn the western civilization and adopting their own religious values and believe for Islamic revivalism. The most prominent figures of this new Islamic revivalism are Syed Abu-ul-Aala Moudoodi (1903-1979) founder of Jamat-e-Islami. He first time proved logically that pure Quranic Civilization based on ideology of Islam is neither related to any region nor race but it is purely having own complete system of life specially Educational system which shapes Islamic civilization and guaranteed the world’s Peace, Prosperity and progress by building the character of individuals and the society as well, and the focal point around which Muslim education has always revolved is the Quran and life of Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h).
پاکستان میں صنفی تشددکے اسباب و عوامل:اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں تحقیقی و انسدادی مطالعہ
Gender-based violence (GBV) results into a serious impediment for victims, particularly women. Due to this violence the victims become unable to exercise their well-being and self-development. No strategy of contesting gender-based violence can be successful without carefully identification of its reasons and factors. Individuals, civil society, national organizations and the international community are trying to identify reasons of GBV and factors behind it. GBV is sourced in harmful prejudices and social stereotypes that prevail in various societies such as Pakistan. The victims of this violence particularly women and children are weak segments of the society or persons who do not fit into the heteronormative traditional gender binary. GBV marginalizes its victims and survivors. The study begins with an overview of gender-based violence in Pakistan. It traces the reports of the Global Gender Gap Index and Gender Development Index regarding the state of gender-based violence in Pakistan through the description of demographic information about the state of gender equality in Pakistan. The nature of GBV also comes under discussion in this introductory part of the article. The analysis in this study attempts to distil and analyze reasons for gender-based violence in Pakistan. Various factors that contribute to GBV are also discussed in the article. It also seeks to identify intrinsic and extrinsic factors of GBV in Pakistan. The study facilitates the investigation of the reasons for GBV such as patriarchal values and discriminatory practices. It also explores victim blaming and low conviction rates in courts as increasing sources of gender-based violence in Pakistan.
Religious/Spiritual Beliefs and Practices Regarding Maternal Health: In Village of South Punjab
The ultimate aim of the study is to find out and document the cultural and indigenous belief system of the village women, specifically the religious and spiritual beliefs and practices regarding maternal health performed by local mothers. Qualitative design of study is selected to provide comprehend data. purposive sampling method was adopted to approach the targeted women and data was collected to married women (as they have experience of the pregnancy) through in-depth interviews. Research emphasis that women’s attitude and perceptions regarding maternal health reflect religious inducement and thus such religious and spiritual beliefs system and practices work dynamically during the pregnancy as well as after delivery which means that it covers prenatal, natal and postnatal period. Study found that this religious and spiritual system works according to the sect (Sunni, Deobandi, Ahl-e-Hadith and Shite) in the area. These religious and spiritual beliefs were consisted on practices like (Mannat) to wish, to pray, (Tawiz) amulets, (Dam Kerna) insufflate, (Milad/Wazifa) meditation, and (Sadaqah) charity for seeking safe maternal health care throughout maternity circle.
Professor Muhammad Nejatullah Siddiqui: A Thinker of Islamic Economics
Professor Muhammad Nejatullah Siddiqui (1931-2022) a preeminent thinker in the field of Islamic economics is well known for his substantial intellectual contributions. His work spans many decades and covers a broad range of topics within Islamic finance, economics, and banking. Siddiqui's scholarship is marked by his strong commitment to integrating ethical considerations and Sharia principles into economic theory and practice. Adopting qualitative research methodology, this paper presents an overview of Siddiqui's key ideas and contributions, including his focus on the ethical foundations of economic activity, the importance of Sharia compliance, and the promotion of equitable wealth distribution. It also delves into Siddiqui's support for risk-sharing and profit-and-loss-sharing mechanisms, his critique of speculative finance, and his vision of an Islamic economic system rooted in principles of justice and cooperation. Through his writings, teachings, and engagement with academic and professional communities, Siddiqui has played a central role in shaping the discourse on Islamic economics and finance, establishing a legacy as a pioneering thinker in the field. Furthermore, this paper explores his perspectives on Islamic economics, addressing issues such as property ownership, economic relationships, development, natural resource distribution, and the state's role within an Islamic economy. It critiques the extreme approaches of capitalism and socialism, presenting Islam's middle path as a rational solution to humanity's problems. Additionally, the paper delves into the state's role in Islamic economics and the distribution of natural resources in an Islamic state, providing a critical assessment of capitalism and socialism while proposing a balanced and logical alternative for society.
Online Sexual Abuse of Children, Role of Technology, Kinds and Measures for Elimination
Child sexual abuse has, unfortunately, become a negative component of human societies, in all developed, developing and under-developed countries. With the advent of information and communication technology, accessibility to, media-recording devices, the child sexual abuse and exploitation material has become more prevalent globally. The effects of child sexual abuse (CSA) are extensive, having long-term negative impacts to the victim child, his family, and the community, yet this has been labeled a universal health catastrophe which is avertible. Online solicitation and grooming are most destructive forms of online sexual abuse. The Internet Service Providers (ISPs) such as Google, Microsoft, Twitter and Facebook are required to be regulated through legislation to create server monitoring protocols for battling against child sexual abuse material (CSAM) and this mechanism will facilitate to diminish ever-increasing challenges in investigation and prosecution. For conducting the investigation and prosecution of online sexual abuse; Multi-disciplinary Team (MDT) technique is considered the most appropriate, by involving the experts of every relevant filed with access to foreign jurisdictions for collection of available evidence. This research has included the reasons, causes, forms, prevalent scenario, situation of Pakistan and the measures to eliminate online child sexual abuse.
Campus Architecture: The Case of Pakistan
Knowledge exchange between campuses has always been essential to innovation and education. Set within a historical context, these organizations promoted the growth of novel concepts and significantly advanced technology. Campuses are typically thought of as green areas with libraries that are stocked with books and have a calm, focused vibe. This picture is a reflection of decades of scholarly practice. Nonetheless, the contemporary campus also serves as a thriving hub for research and study, capturing the zeal and vitality of both youth and modern science. This paradox creates a dynamic, inventive, and ever-changing school climate that calls for ongoing adjustment. Campuses must balance outside political and financial constraints while advancing their technological and pedagogical strategies. This study tracks the development of Pakistani campus architecture across time and conducts a critical examination of it. By employing a mixed-methods approach that encompasses case studies, historical analysis, and architectural evaluation, the study investigates the ways in which these spaces have changed in reaction to external challenges and shifting educational paradigms. Case studies of the institution of Tehran in Iran and a well-known institution in Pakistan with several campuses are used to perform a comparative analysis. The findings demonstrate the adaptability and endurance of Pakistani campus design while illuminating the intricate interaction between Islamic tradition and modernity. This study advances our knowledge of how educational settings foster both creative growth and historical continuity in a world that is changing quickly.
Construction of Womanhood, Gender-Based Violence and Patriarchal Intersections in Elif Shafaq’s “Three Daughters of Eve”: A Feminist-Psychoanalytical Approach
This paper critically appraises the representation of female characters in Elif Shafak's selected work to delineate how women's identities and lives are shaped under male domination and violence and to unravel the dynamics of violence and exile in constituting female subjectivity. Through analysis of the novel" Three Daughters of Eve," the research demonstrates how Shafak's fiction ventures into the intricate enmeshments of gender, power, and norms to articulate a complex female existence in and beyond Turkish society. Through the lens of feminist-psychoanalytic scholarship, the paper argues that Shafak's literary discourse not only highlights the oppressive machinery of patriarchy but also brings to light women's perseverance and agency in the face of these structures. It argues that violence, both physical and psychological, alongside the metaphorical and literal experiences of exile, serves as pivotal elements that contribute to the redefinition and assertion of female identity against the backdrop of societal and cultural dictates.