پاکستان میں صنفی تشددکے اسباب و عوامل:اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں تحقیقی و انسدادی مطالعہ

Reasons and Factors of Gender-Based Violence in Pakistan: An Analysis and Contesting Study in the Light of Islamic Teachings

Abstract

Gender-based violence (GBV) results into a serious impediment for victims, particularly women. Due to this violence the victims become unable to exercise their well-being and self-development. No strategy of contesting gender-based violence can be successful without carefully identification of its reasons and factors. Individuals, civil society, national organizations and the international community are trying to identify reasons of GBV and factors behind it. GBV is sourced in harmful prejudices and social stereotypes that prevail in various societies such as Pakistan. The victims of this violence particularly women and children are weak segments of the society or persons who do not fit into the heteronormative traditional gender binary. GBV marginalizes its victims and survivors. The study begins with an overview of gender-based violence in Pakistan. It traces the reports of the Global Gender Gap Index and Gender Development Index regarding the state of gender-based violence in Pakistan through the description of demographic information about the state of gender equality in Pakistan. The nature of GBV also comes under discussion in this introductory part of the article. The analysis in this study attempts to distil and analyze reasons for gender-based violence in Pakistan. Various factors that contribute to GBV are also discussed in the article. It also seeks to identify intrinsic and extrinsic factors of GBV in Pakistan. The study facilitates the investigation of the reasons for GBV such as patriarchal values and discriminatory practices. It also explores victim blaming and low conviction rates in courts as increasing sources of gender-based violence in Pakistan.